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Outline
Italy Renaissance 17th C. 18th C. France Renaissance Paris Louis XIII Louis XIV Louis XV Central Europe 18th C. England 16th C. 17th C. 18th C. |
Italian Renaissance ArchitectureSanta Maria della Consolazione - Todi - Construction began in 1504, under the direction of a muratore named Cola di Caprarola. The body of the building was finished in 1606, and the dome in 1617. Caprarolo was probably not the designer of the building. According to an old tradition, not verified by documents, the architect was Bramante. In any case, this church embodies more completely than any other, one of the central-plan church designs in Leonardo da Vinci's Manuscript B Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Tempietto in San Pietro in Montorio, Rome - Designed by Bramante; probably constructed c. 1508-12. The original plan is known from illustrations in the treatise of Serlio. Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Image 6 House of Raphael, Rome - Designed by Bramante and probably built c. 1510; known only from engravings and a drawing of Palladio. Image 1 Image 2 Palazzo Farnese, Rome - Design by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger for Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, later Pope Paul III. Construction began in 1517. The project was enlarged in 1534, and partially constructed in 1546, when Michelangelo was appointed architect. The rear wing was designed by Vignola after 1565 and completed by Giacomo della Porta 1573-89. Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Image 6 Image 7 Campidoglio (Capitoline Hill), Rome - Site of the civic center of Rome, overlooking the ancient Roman Forum. Redevelopment began in 1537, when Pope Paul III ordered that the ancient equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius be transferred to the Campidoglio and set up there on a base designed by Michelangelo. By 1538, Michelangelo had prepared designs for the entire space, involving the following elements: 1. new facades for the Palazzo dei Senatori and Palazzo dei Conservatori, which were the seats of the two major components of civic government in Rome. 2. the Palazzo Nuovo, really a false facade facing the the Palazzo dei Conservatori and identical to it; 3. the pavement. Work began in 1544. After Michelangelo's death in 1564, work was continued by the Giacomo della Porta and others. The project was not completed until about the middle of the 17th century, although it followed Michelangelo's design in most respects. Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Image 6 Image 7 Image 8 Image 9 Il Gesu, Rome - Designed by Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola. It is the Home Church of the Jesuit Order, and was begun in 1568, financed by the Farnese family. After Vignola's death in 1573, the church was completed in 1584 by Giacomo della Porta who designed the dome and facade. Vignola's original design for the facade is known from an engraving. The painting on the vault of the nave, depicting the Adoration of the Name of Jesus was made by Gioban Battista Guali in 1674-79. Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Image 6 Gardens of the Villa d'Este, Tivoli - Built by Pirro Ligorio for Cardinal Ippolito d'Este from c. 1560 to 1573, with numerous later additions. Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Porta Pia, Rome - An ornamental city gate at the head of a street named the Via Pia after Pope Pius IV, who opened it in 1561. Michelangelo's designs for the gate were approved in that year. Construction was finished in 1565. Towards the end of the century, by 1595, the attic was damaged by lightning. It was restored, with some different details, in the 19th Century. Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Villa Barbaro, Maser - Built c. 1555-59, by Andrea Palladio for Daniele Barbaro. The walls were painted by Paolo Veronese. Palladio made the illustrations for Barbaro's translation and commentary of Vitruvius published in 1556. Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Villa Rotunda, Vicenza - Begun by Andrea Palladio, 1566-70 Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Image 6 Image 7 Image 8 Architectural TreatisesLeon Battista Alberti (1404-1473): De re aedificatoria, ( Ten Books on Architecture ) c. 1452; published in 1485 in Florence. Francesco di Giorgio Martini (1439-1501): Trattati di architettura, ingegneria ed arte militare ( Treatises on Architecture, Engineering, and Military Science ) first treatise 1476, second 1489, revised 1492 Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Sebastiano Serlio (1475-1554): Sette libri dell' architettura ( Seven Books on Architecture ) 1537 in Venice, single volume 1584 Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73): Regole delli cinque ordini d'architettura, Rome 1562 Andrea Palladio (1508-80): I quattro libri dell' architecture, Venice, 1570 City of Rome under Pope Sixtus V, (1585-90) Pope Sixtus V, born Felice Peretti in Montalto, projected a vast new plan for the city of Rome upon his election to the papacy in 1585. His plan involved the creation of a number of streets linking the seven station churches, the Campidoglio, major gates, and the papal summer palace on the Quirinal Hill. During the pontificate of Sixtus V, when Domenico Fontana served as papal architect, major open spaces, or piazze, were planned at St. Peters, San Giovanni in Laterano, Santa Maria Maggiore, and at the Porta del Popolo, all provided with ancient obelisks. Image 1 Image 2 Lateran Palace, Rome - Domineco Fontana 1585-1589 Image 1 Image 2 Santa Susanna, Rome - In 1589, Domenico Fontana began remodeling the Early Christian church, assisted by Carlo Moderno. Work in the interior lasted until 1600. The facade, designed by Moderno, was begun in 1597; its cornice is dated 1603. Image 1 Image 2 Saint Peter's Basilica, 1546- Michelangelo; 1564- Pirro Ligorio and Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola; 1574- Giacomo della Porta; 1607- Carlo Maderno; 1624-1633 Bernini's Baldachino; 1629-1666 Bernini Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 |
